Seventeen states and Washington, D.C., require a voter-verifiable paper record for voting machines.

These states may use paper ballots and scanners, or an electronic voting machine equipped with a device that produces a paper receipt that a voter verifies before they cast their ballot. Some states may not have had the funding to replace voting equipment in recent years, so, in practice, may have machines without a paper trail.

Fourteen states require paper ballots.

Six states require voting machines to have a permanent paper record.

These states do not necessarily require the paper record to be voter verifiable and, in some places, this has been interpreted to allow electronic voting machines to be used that do not have a voter-verified paper trail.

Nine states use paper ballots or machines with a paper trail statewide, even though there is no statutory requirement.

Three states have some jurisdictions with a paper trail and others without.

One state uses the same equipment throughout the state, with no paper trail.